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Drug adulteration and contamination are serious threats to human health therefore,their accurate monitoring is very important.Allopurinol(Alp)and theophylline(Thp)are commonly used drugs for the treatment of gout and bronchitis,while their isomers hypoxanthine(Hyt)and theobromine(Thm)have no effect and affect the efficacy of the drug.In this work,the drug isomers of Alp/Hyt and Thp/Thm are simply mixed with α-,β-,y-cyclodextrin(CD)and metal ions and separated using trapped ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry(TIMS-MS).TIMS-MS results showed that Alp/Hyt and Thp/Thm iso-mers could interact with CD and metal ions and form corresponding binary or ternary complexes to achieve their TIMS separation.Different metal ions and CDs showed different separation effect for the isomers,among which Alp and Hyt could be successfully distinguished from the complexes of[Alp/Hyt+y-CD+Cu-H]+with separation resolution(Rp-p)of 1.51;whereas Thp and Thm could be baseline separated by[Thp/Thm+y-CD+Ca-H]+with Rp-p of 1.96.Besides,chemical calculations revealed that the complexes were in the inclusion forms,and microscopic interactions were somewhat different,making their mobility separation.Moreover,relative and absolute quantification was investigated with an internal standard to determine the precise isomers content,and good linearity(R2＞0.99)was ob-tained.Finally,the method was applied for the adulteration detection where different drugs and urine were analyzed.In addition,due to the advantages of fast speed,simple operation,high sensitivity,and no chromatographic separation required,the proposed method provides an effective strategy for the drug adulteration detection of isomers.
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Background It has been found that fluoride may cause cell damage by inducing intracellular calcium overload. Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) plays an important role in maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis, but the effect of fluoride on renal SOCE is unknown. Objective To explore the renal toxicity and the expression levels of the key proteins of SOCE, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (ORAI1) in the kidney tissues of mice exposed to fluoride subchronically. Methods Twenty male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups with five mice in each group, including 0 (control group), 0.3, 3, and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups. The mice were given drinking water containing designed fluoride for 12 weeks. Body weight and liver and kidney organ coefficients of the mice were measured after the exposure; histopathological changes of the mouse kidney were observed; 24 h urine was collected at the end of 12 weeks of exposure to determine the levels of urine creatinine (UCr), urine calcium (UCa), albumin (ALB), and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG); the protein expression levels of STIM1 and ORAI1 in the kidney were detected by Western blotting; the fluorescence co-localization of STIM1 and ORAI1 was used to further verify the expression levels of STIM1 and ORAI1. Results After the exposure, there were no differences in body weight as well as liver and kidney organ coefficients among the groups (P > 0.05). Under optical microscope, the renal tubular cell showed degeneration, apical protrusion, shedding, and dilation in the 3 and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups. There was no statistical difference in UCr among the mice in each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of UCa adjusted by UCr in the 3 and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups were (0.075±0.014) and (0.081±0.012) mol·mol−1 (represent by UCr per mol), which had a rising trend but showed no statistical difference. No difference was identified in the level of ALB among the groups (P > 0.05). The levels of β2-MG showed difference in different exposure groups, and the level of urine β2-MG in the 30 mg·L−1 fluoride group was (0.077±0.014) g·mol−1, higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Based on the results of Western blotting, the protein expression levels of STIM1 and ORAI1 showed significant differences among the groups (F=18.411, 6.853; P=0.001, 0.013); compared with the control group, the expression levels of STIM1 protein increased in the 3 and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups (P < 0.05), and the protein expression level of ORAI1 in the 30 mg·L−1 fluoride group was increased (P < 0.05). The fluorescence co-localization results of STIM1 and ORAI1 showed that the expressions of STIM1 and ORAI1 were up-regulated in the 3 and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups. Conclusion Subchronic exposure to fluoride through drinking water can up-regulate the expression levels of STIM1 and ORAI1 in renal tissues and induce renal injury.
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Objective:To compare the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with injured vertebra bone grafting (PPSF+BG) and simple percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) in the treatment of single segmental thoracolumbar compression fracture.Methods:The data were analyzed retrospectively of the 56 patients who had undergone PPSE at Department of Spine Surgery, Wuhan Puren Hospital from February 2017 to May 2019. Of them, 29 were treated by PPSF+BG [17 males and 12 females with an age of (50.6±8.4) years] and 27 by simple PPSF [13 males and 14 females with an age of (49.3±8.2) years]. The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay and incidence of complications. The height of anterior edge of injured vertebra, cobb angle of injured kyphosis, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) at postoperative 1, 6 and 12 months were also compared between the 2 groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, showing they were comparable ( P>0.05). All of them were followed up for more than 12 months. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay or incidence of complications ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups either in the height of anterior edge of injured vertebra, cobb angle of injured kyphosis or ODI score at 1 or 6 months after operation ( P>0.05). At 12 months after operation, PPSF+BG group had a significantly greater height of injured vertebra [(19.5±0.9) mm], a significantly smaller cobb angle of kyphosis (7.1°±0.5°) and a significantly lower ODI score (11.1±2.9) than PPSF group [(18.2±1.3) mm, 8.1°±0.5° and 19.5±1.6] ( P<0.05). At postoperative 6 and 12 months, the VAS scores in PPSF+BG group were significantly lower than those in PPSF group ( P<0.05). In all the patients, the postoperative height of anterior edge of injured vertebra, cobb angle of injured kyphosis, VAS and ODI scores were significantly improved than the preoperative values ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Although both minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with bone grafting and simple percutaneous pedicle screw fixation can achieve good therapeutic outcomes for single segmental thoracolumbar compression fractures, the former may be superior in effectively promoting rapid recovery of the patients and improving the quality of life of the patients after operation.
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This paper is to illustrate the infestation and related ecological characteristics of chigger mites on the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi). A total of 17,221 chigger mites were collected from 2,761 R. tanezumi rats, and then identified as 131 species and 19 genera in 2 families. Leptotrombidium deliense, the most powerful vector of scrub typhus in China, was the first major dominant species on R. tanezumi. All the dominant mite species were of an aggregated distribution among different individuals of R. tanezumi. The species composition and infestations of chiggers on R. tanezumi varied along different geographical regions, habitats and altitudes. The species-abundance distribution of the chigger mite community was successfully fitted and the theoretical curve equation was Ŝ (R)=37e–(0.28R)2. The total chigger species on R. tanezumi were estimated to be 199 species or 234 species, and this further suggested that R. tanezumi has a great potential to harbor abundant species of chigger mites. The results of the species-plot relationship indicated that the chigger mite community on R. tanezumi in Yunnan was an uneven community with very high heterogeneity. Wide geographical regions with large host samples are recommended in the investigations of chigger mites.
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This paper is to illustrate the infestation and related ecological characteristics of chigger mites on the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi). A total of 17,221 chigger mites were collected from 2,761 R. tanezumi rats, and then identified as 131 species and 19 genera in 2 families. Leptotrombidium deliense, the most powerful vector of scrub typhus in China, was the first major dominant species on R. tanezumi. All the dominant mite species were of an aggregated distribution among different individuals of R. tanezumi. The species composition and infestations of chiggers on R. tanezumi varied along different geographical regions, habitats and altitudes. The species-abundance distribution of the chigger mite community was successfully fitted and the theoretical curve equation was Ŝ (R)=37e–(0.28R)2. The total chigger species on R. tanezumi were estimated to be 199 species or 234 species, and this further suggested that R. tanezumi has a great potential to harbor abundant species of chigger mites. The results of the species-plot relationship indicated that the chigger mite community on R. tanezumi in Yunnan was an uneven community with very high heterogeneity. Wide geographical regions with large host samples are recommended in the investigations of chigger mites.
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Mixed reality (MR), characterized by the ability to integrate digital data into human real feeling, is a new technique in medical imaging and surgical navigation. MR has tremendous value in surgery, but its application in oromaxillofacial head and neck oncology surgery is not yet reported. This paper reports the application of MR in oromaxillofacial head and neck oncology surgery. The merits, demerits, and present research situations and prospects of MR are further discussed.
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Humans , Augmented Reality , Surgery, Computer-AssistedABSTRACT
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an important redox enzyme cofactor, has many physiological and biochemical functions, and is widely used in food, medicine, health and agriculture industry. In this study, PQQ production by recombinant Gluconobacter oxydans was investigated. First, to reduce the by-product of acetic acid, the recombinant strain G. oxydans T1 was constructed, in which the pyruvate decarboxylase (GOX1081) was knocked out. Then the pqqABCDE gene cluster and tldD gene were fused under the control of endogenous constitutive promoter P0169, to generate the recombinant strain G. oxydans T2. Finally, the medium composition and fermentation conditions were optimized. The biomass of G. oxydans T1 and G. oxydans T2 were increased by 43.02% and 38.76% respectively, and the PQQ production was 4.82 and 20.5 times higher than that of the wild strain, respectively. Furthermore, the carbon sources and culture conditions of G. oxydans T2 were optimized, resulting in a final PQQ yield of (51.32±0.899 7 mg/L), 345.6 times higher than that of the wild strain. In all, the biomass of G. oxydans and the yield of PQQ can be effectively increased by genetic engineering.
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Fermentation , Gene Knockout Techniques , Gluconobacter oxydans , Genetics , Metabolism , Industrial Microbiology , Methods , Multigene Family , Genetics , Organisms, Genetically Modified , PQQ Cofactor , Genetics , Promoter Regions, Genetic , GeneticsABSTRACT
Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face is a rare disorder resulting from overgrowth of adipose tissues. This condition presents gradually with swelling along with age, hypertrophy of adjacent bones, and tooth abnormalities. This study reports a case of congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of face with seizures and reviews relevant literature on the etiology, clinical symptom, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition.
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Humans , Adipose Tissue , Face , Lipomatosis , SeizuresABSTRACT
Differences of protonated and lithiated leucine-enkephalin(LE) were investigated by hydrogen deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry(HDX-MS) combined with quantum chemistry calculation. The results revealed that the protonated ions possessed very high product yield with all hydrogen atoms being exchanged, while the reaction of lithiated LE stopped after exchanging five hydrogen atoms in the same experimental conditions. The different HDX behaviours probably indicated their conformational differences. To further clarify the experimental results, the most stable conformations of protonated and lithiated leucine-enkephalin were calculated by density functional theory. It was found that terminal amino group was the most thermodynamically stable protonation site,while Li+in coordination of four carbonyl oxygen atoms formed the most favourable lithiated LE. The reaction field reduction of lithium LE was probably due to the less acidity of hydrogen atoms and the increasing rigid conformation change induced by lithium ion.
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The non-covalent interactions between 18-crown-6 (18c6) and 20 common types of protonated amino acids were explored by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).The mass spectra showed the formation of 1:1 stoichiometric non-covalent complexes between 18c6 and amino acids.The calibration curves and linear equations for the complexes of L-Phe,L-Tyr,L-Lys and L-Asp with 18c6 were established by mass spectrometric titration and used as reference values for competitive ESI-MS.Through competitive equilibrium,the binding constants for the complexes of 18c6 with other L-amino acids and their D-isomers were derived.It was found,as a general trend,lgKa for the complexes of 18c6 with the basic amino acid and the amino acid with alkyl side chain were larger than other complexes,and among the amino acids with alkyl side chain,Gly and Ala exhibited greater 18c6 binding affinities.As for Ser and Thr,the intramolecular hydrogen bond between the nitrogen atom from terminal NH2and the oxygen atom from carboxyl may impede their protonated amino-group to attack the 18c6.Furthermore,Gln and Asn exhibited lower 18c6 binding affinities probably due to effects of electron-withdrawing group of acylamide.Finally,the chiral selectivity of 18c6 for 19 L-,or D-amino acids was measured by ESI-MS,indicating 18c6 could only recognize some neutral amino acid isomers.
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Objective To detect the serum levels of IL-6 and CRP in patients with acute type A aortic dissection complicated with pulmonary injury and inflammatory response. Methods From January 2007 Month to February 2016,216 patients with acute type A aortic dissection were admitted to our hospital. Among them,there were 120 male and 96 female patients,with a mean age of 52.1 years. All patients underwent cardiac ultrasound and other imaging studies. They were diagnosed and hospitalized immediately after the onset. Treatment lasted for more than 1 week. In a calm state of oxygen ,oxygenation index ≤200 preoperative lung injury is defined as positive. In this study ,according to the definition of the lung injury ,patients were divided into positive and negative lung injury groups. There were 72 positive and 144 negative cases among 216 patients. All patients were hospitalized. Every 4 hours,arterial oxygenation index is calculated. At the same time blood samples were tested for C-reactive protein(CRP)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels. Data was analyzes by SPSS20.0 statistical software and counted byχ2 test. The results were plotted as the percentage,the measurement data with the t test,with(x ± s) to represent,evaluate serum levels of CRP and IL-6 levels with acute type A aortic dissection complicated by the relationship between lung injury. Results The differences of patients from two lung injury groups in gender,age, smoking,alcohol consumption,and other aspects of common chronic diseases were not significant(P>0.05);the difference between the pre-operative examination of several experimental studies in echocardiography were also no statistically significant(P > 0.05);two groups of patients,serum CRP positive group lung injury peak level and peak IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with acute lung injury negative group (P > 0.05). Further study of lung serum CRP in patients with damage to the relationship between IL-6 levels and oxygenation index found after dissection. Patient's oxygenation index decreased ,and serum C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels were rising rapidly ,reaching peak levels ,and then ,with the patients with inflammatory response decreased oxygenation index showed an upward trend. Conclusion Inflammatory reaction in acute type A aortic dissection plays a key role in the lung injury. In result ,patients'sicken time is prolonged ,which was closely related to serum C reactive protein(CRP),interleukin 6 levels and hypoxemia. Active anti-inflammation treatment before surgery may improve the patient's oxygenation status.
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Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of high-dose sirolimus (rapamycin) upon protecting the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) in aged mice. Methods Twenty C57BL/6 aged mice were randomly and evenly divided into the ischemia-reperfusion injury group (IRI group), low-dose rapamycin pretreatment group (rpm group), high-dose rapamycin pretreatment group (RPM group) and control group (Sham group) using the random number table method (5 mice in each group). In the Sham group, abdominal cavity was incised and sutured alone. In the other three groups, aged mouse 70% HIRI models were established. The ischemia time was 60 min. At preoperative 1 h, rapamycin at a dose of 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg was administered via intraperitoneal injection in the rpm and RPM groups. At 12 h post-reperfusion, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe the histological changes in the mouse liver. Suzuki grading method was adopted to evaluate the pathological score. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 and the LC3B-Ⅱ protein level in the liver tissues were quantitatively measured and statistically compared among different groups. Results HE staining of the liver tissues revealed normal liver tissues in the Sham group, severe liver cellular injury accompanied with a large quantity of inflammatory cellular infiltration in the IRI and rpm groups. Mild sinusoidal congestion and slight inflammatory cellular infiltration were observed in the RPM group. The pathological score was 5 (4-6) in the RPM group, significantly lower than 7 (5-8) and 8 (7-10) in the rpm and IRI groups (Z=-2.554 and -2.731, both P<0.05). In terms of postoperative liver function parameters, the AST level was (691±207) U/L in the RPM group, significantly lower compared with (2032±575) U/L and (1817±777) U/L in the IRI and rpm groups (t=4.90 and 3.13, both P<0.05). In the RPM group, the ALT level was measured as (996±584) U/L, considerably lower than (2992±992) U/L and (2373±687) U/L in the IRI and rpm groups (t=3.86 and 3.41, both P<0.05). The AST and ALT levels did not significantly differ between the IRI and rpm groups (both P>0.05). No statistical significance was identified in the TNF-α and IL-10 levels among different groups (all P>0.05). Western blot analysis revealed that the relative expression level of LC3B-Ⅱ protein in the liver tissue of the RPM group was significantly higher than those in the Sham, IRI and rpm groups (all P<0.05). Conclusions Administration of high-dose rapamycin exerts a protective effect upon HIRI probably through promoting cellular autophagy in aged mice.
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Objective To explore the role of the abnormal expression of miRNAs in the development process of non-small cell lung cancer and the feasibility of ultrasound microbubble-mediated gene therapy after transfecting antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122a plasmids into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Methods Antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122a plasmids were transfected into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells on the optimal ultrasound microbubble-mediated condition. We set up a control group. The cell proliferation activity, apoptosis, invasion ability were detected by MTT assay, Annexin V-PE, Transwell invasion experiment and colony formation assay, respectively. Results The expression of miRNA-224 decreased and the expression of miRNA-122a rose after the plasmids of target genes were transfected into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells, and there were significant differences when compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). After the plasmids of target genes were transfected into A549 cells, the growth of antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122a were inhibited, and the differences were significant as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Besides, the inhibition of miRNA-122a group was the most significant and there was statistically significant difference as compared with miRNA-224 group (t = −4.694, P = 0.009). After the plasmids of target genes were transfected into A549 cells, the proportion of apoptotic cells increased, the invasive cells were decreased and the clone ability reduced, and also there was a significant difference as compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). What's more, the apoptotic peak appeared in miRNA-122a group. Its invasion ability decreased most obviously (40.25 ± 3.97/visual field), the number of clone ability was 104.93 ± 4.87 and the inhibitory effect was the most obviously. There was statistically significant difference as compared with other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions A549 cells transfected by ultrasound microbubble-mediated antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122a plasmids possessed good transfection efficiency. The cell growth, invasion and colony-forming abilities of transfected A549 cells were suppressed, which laid a solid foundation for the gene therapy of non-small cell lung cancer.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the status of multiple sexual partners and unprotected sexual behaviors and related influencing factors among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HIV-positive men having sex with men aged 18 years or older, living in Chengdu, Chongqing or Guangzhou were recruited by using the " snowballing" sampling method. Participants completed the questionnaire on computers, after filling in the Informed Consent Form. Content of the study would include social demographic characteristics, number of sexual partners, sexual behaviors, and the symptoms assessment on depression and anxiety.χ(2)-test,t-test and non-conditional Multiple logistic Regression methods were used to examine the risky sexual behaviors with multiple sexual partners among the participants engaged in this project.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Mean age of the 501 participants was (30.24±7.70) years old. In the past 6 months, 17.4% (87/501) of them had engaged in unprotected sexual behavior with two or more sexual partners. Factors at risk would include: being married (OR=1.93, 95%CI: 0.77-4.84), divorced or widowed (OR=3.94, 95%CI: 1.66-9.36), having primary male sexual partners (OR=5.04, 95%CI: 1.08-23.54) and casual or commercial male sexual partners (OR=2.54, 95%CI: 1.34-4.80) in the past 6 months, drinking alcohol (OR=3.00, 95%CI: 1.37-6.62) or Rush (alkyl nitrite) (OR=3.53, 95%CI: 1.72-7.23) during sexual acts, sharing their HIV-infection status to their partly primary male sexual partners (OR=1.84, 95%CI:0.78-4.33) or not (OR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.25-5.73), and having high sexual sensation seeking scores (OR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.03-1.15).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Unprotected sexual behaviors with multiple sexual partners among HIV-positive MSM played an important role in expediting the HIV transmission. Development of intervention programs to minimize the risk sexual behaviors and setting up efficient medical and biological measures in controlling the HIV transmission were in urgent need.</p>
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Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Coitus , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Family Characteristics , Homosexuality, Male , Psychology , Infections , Epidemiology , Marriage , Risk , Risk-Taking , Sexual Behavior , Sexual Partners , Surveys and Questionnaires , Unsafe Sex , PsychologyABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effects of posterior decompression,subtotal vertebrectomy,intervertebral fusion and internal fixation through unilateral pedicle in the treatment of severe throracolumar fractures.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of 11 patients with severe thmracolumar fracture who had been treated with posterior decompression,subtotal vertebrectomy,intervertebral fusion and internal fixation through unilateral pedicle at our department from March 2009 to March 2012.They were 10 males and one female,aged from 20 to 42 years (mean,31.1 years).According to AO classification,there were 2 cases of type B1,3 cases of type B2 and 6 cases of type C2.The Gaines scores for anterior column stability were more than 6 in all.All the patients had neurological disorders.The fracture reduction,fusion of bone grafting and recovery of neurological function were followed up.Results Their operation time ranged from 200 to 300 minutes,averaging 243.2 minutes;the amount of bleeding ranged from 800 to 1,600 mL,averaging 1,023.3 mL.No deterioration of neurological symptoms or no new neurological symptoms were observed postoperatively.Cerebrospinal fluid leakage was found in 3 patients who healed spontaneously following extubation,compressive dressing and elevation of the bed end.All the patients were followed up for 12 to 30 months (average,18.3 months).A loosened screw cap was found in one patient after 6 months who had no discomfort and received no treatment.X-ray films showed satisfactory fracture reduction and fine bone grafting locations.No spinal canal stenosis was found by CT scans.It took 3 to 6 months (mean,4.3 months) for the bone grafts to get fused.No height loss of the injured vertebrae was no found at the last follow-ups.No functional recovery was found in the patients with complete spinal cord injury whose Frankle grade remained A.The spinal function recovered from Frankel grade B to grade D in one patient with incomplete spinal injury.Of the 8 patients with medullary cone injury,7 recovered Frankle grade E and one Frankle grade D.The symptoms were relieved in one patient with simple cauda equine injury.Conclusion Posterior decompression,subtotal vertebrectomy,intervertebral fusion and internal fixation through unilateral pedicle is an effective alternative for treatment of severe throracolumar fractures,because it can lead to satisfactory fracture reduction,thorough decompression of the spinal canal and good reconstruction of spinal stability.
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Objective To discuss the clinical value of transesophageal echocardiography used in extracorporeal circulationcardiac valve replacement. Methods 89 patients received extracorporeal circulation cardiac valve replacement in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were included in the study. Transesophageal echocardiography were performed preoperatively, intraoperation and postoperatively and the findings were compared to the result of preoperation transthoracic echocardiography exam. The measurement of aortic annulus diameter and detection rates of calcification obtained by transthoracic and transesophaged echocardiography were compared. Changes in heart function parameters before and after operation were compared. The alternations in surgery plan made after pre-operative transesophageal echocardiography exam and any relevant treatment or procedure performed according to intra-operation transesophageal echo findings were recorded. All the patients were followed up for 6 months - 40 months. Results Before extracorporeal circulation cardiac valve replacement, the aortic annulus diameter measured and detection rates of calcification by transthoracic echocardiography were smaller and lower than actual surgical pathology results ( P 0. 05 ) . Conclusions For patients receiving extracorporeal circulation cardiac valve replacement, transesophagus echocardiography examination is helpful to guide the selection of valve stent and operation methods.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of the abnormal expression of miRNAs in the development process of non-small cell lung cancer and the feasibility of ultrasound microbubble-mediated gene therapy after transfecting antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122a plasmids into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.@*METHODS@#Antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122a plasmids were transfected into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells on the optimal ultrasound microbubble-mediated condition. We set up a control group. The cell proliferation activity, apoptosis, invasion ability were detected by MTT assay, Annexin V-PE, Transwell invasion experiment and colony formation assay, respectively.@*RESULTS@#The expression of miRNA-224 decreased and the expression of miRNA-122a rose after the plasmids of target genes were transfected into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells, and there were significant differences when compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). After the plasmids of target genes were transfected into A549 cells, the growth of antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122a were inhibited, and the differences were significant as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Besides, the inhibition of miRNA-122a group was the most significant and there was statistically significant difference as compared with miRNA-224 group (t = -4.694, P = 0.009). After the plasmids of target genes were transfected into A549 cells, the proportion of apoptotic cells increased, the invasive cells were decreased and the clone ability reduced, and also there was a significant difference as compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). What's more, the apoptotic peak appeared in miRNA-122a group. Its invasion ability decreased most obviously (40.25 ± 3.97/visual field), the number of clone ability was 104.93 ± 4.87 and the inhibitory effect was the most obviously. There was statistically significant difference as compared with other groups (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#A549 cells transfected by ultrasound microbubble-mediated antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122a plasmids possessed good transfection efficiency. The cell growth, invasion and colony-forming abilities of transfected A549 cells were suppressed, which laid a solid foundation for the gene therapy of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of the free fibula composite tissue flap transplantation to repair the first metatarsal bone with soft tissue defect on foot.Methods From August, 2008 to August, 2013, 6 patients with the first metatarsal bone and soft tissue defect on foot were treated with transplantation of free fibula composite tissue flap.The causes: 2 cases in traffic accident injury, 4 cases in machine injury;3 cases with traumatic defect, and septic defect in 3 patients.Of the 6 cases, the fibular length with transplantation was 6 cm to 12 cm, and the flap area was 8 cm × 5 cm-18 cm × 16 cm;All the cases were followed-up in 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively to observe the fracture healing, and to assess injured limb function in 1 year postoperatively.Results All cases were followed up 12-24 months, and average of 14 months;All the flaps survived, and the metatarsal bone and fibula healing was good visibly in half a year, The surgery function were assessed according to Maryland's scale, and the excellent were 2 and the good were 4.Conclusion The transplantation of free fibula composite tissue flap to repair the first metatarsal bone with soft tissue defect on foot is a safe and effective strategy, and it has the advantages such as covering the wound at foot approvingly, one-time rebuild repair foot weight bearing area and the surrounding soft tissue defect, shorten the treatment cycle, for small area damage in donor area, and the function postoperative is good, etc.
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Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in combined spinal epidural anesthesia in abdominal operation. Methods:Totally 86 abdominal operation patients with combined spinal epidural anesthesia were randomly divid-ed into group A and group B with 43 ones in each. Group A was with ropivacaine anesthesia, while group B was with levobupivacaine anesthesia. The anesthesia effect, hemodynamic changes at different time points and adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:The duration of sensory block in the two groups was not statistically different (P>0. 05), while the patients in group A had shorter motor nerve recovery time than those in group B (P0. 05). During the operation, the parameters at different time points in group A had no significant difference from those in group B (P>0. 05). The incidence of adverse drug reaction was not statistically significant between the two groups as well (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Ropivacaine and levobupivacaine show similar blocking effect on the sensory nerve with the same effects on hemodynamics and adverse reactions, however, the blocking effect of ropivacaine on motor nerve is weaker, which is more beneficial to the early exercise of the patients after operation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the coverage of HIV related intervention and antiviral treatment among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) and to examine factors of initiating antiretroviral treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 501 HIV-positive MSM were recruited by "snowballing" sampling in Chengdu (160), Chongqing (168) and Guangzhou (173) from January to June, 2013. Participants who were older than18 years, had sex with men, HIV-infected, were living in these 3 cities when survey was conducted were eligible for subjects of this survey. The data were collected by computer assisted survey, including social demography, the coverage of HIV related follow-up intervention and ART, related knowledge level, sexual behaviors in the last 6 months, as well as notification to sexual partners and family. We analyzed the influence factors for initiating ART by Multiple Unconditioned Logistic Regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 501 HIV-positive MSM, the ratio of CD4 counting and HIV viral load testing were 90.8% (455) and 19.4% (97), respectively. The percentage of the latest CD4 counting not more than 350 per µl was 33.0% (150/455). The coverage of initiated ART among the participants who met the qualification was 56.0% (84/150). The multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that the possibility of not on ART among participants who were migrants increased to 5.21(2.33-11.66) times of the local residents and the possibility among participants who were diagnosed STD in the last year increased to 2.70(1.12-6.55) times of those who were not infected STD, the possibility of not on ART among participants who had sex with male occasional or commercial partner in the last 6 months increased to 2.16(1.03-4.50) times of those who hadn't, and the possibility among participants who had anal sex with condom use in the past 6 months increased to 2.68(1.10-6.50) times of those who couldn't insist using condom.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There were low coverage of series of HIV/AIDS related intervention services among HIV-positive MSM in Chengdu, Chongqi and Guangzhou. Migrants, had sex with male occasional or commercial partner, had anal sex with condom use in the past 6 months, not infected STD in the last year may be the independent risk factors for HIV-positive MSM to not initiating ART.</p>